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Flow Cells
Microwave chemistry has long been known to accelerate chemical transformations and provide a simple means to access more rigorous reaction conditions. Flow chemistry has demonstrated similar benefits, with the added bonus of being able to increase the reaction scale simply by prolonging the reaction. The combination of the two technologies opens the door to a quick optimization and easy scale-up of virtually unlimited types of chemical transformations. The Discover® SP System provides the means to perform both types of reactions simultaneously or sequentially within the same system. Use of microwave heating allowed access to a temperature of 190 °C, well above the boiling point of acetonitrile. This increased temperature resulted in a pressure of nearly 200 psi during the batch reaction. Despite these forcing conditions, the reaction proved suitable for synthesis in flow, providing a modest increase in yield with a 20-fold increase in scale.
10-mL and 80-mL Flow Cells
Explore continuous flow chemistry in the microwave using two standard flow cell sizes.MAX. TEMPERATURE: 300 °C
MAX. PRESSURE: 18 bar (250 psi)
View Flow TechNote
Table 1: Heck Reagents Required
Reagent | Batch | Flow |
Iodobenzene | 0.101 g | 2.02 g |
Butyl acrylate | 0.127 g | 2.54 g |
Pd(OAc)2 | 0.06 mg | 1.2 mg |
DIPEA | 0.096 g | 1.92 mg |
MeCN | 1 mL | 20 mL |
Table 2: Heck Coupling Conditions
Mode | Temperature | Time | Scale | Isolated Yield |
Batch | 190 °C | 5 minutes | 0.5 mmol | 89% |
Flow | 190 °C | 30 minutes | 10 mmol | 91% |
80 mL Reaction Vessel
165034The 80 mL reaction vessel has a maximum working volume of 50 mL and miniumum working volume of 15 mL. This vessel can also withstand temperatures up to 200°C with the IR (250°C with fiber optic) and pressure up to 200 psi (250 psi with fiber optic).
80 mL Vessel Holder
165010Vessel stand for the 80 mL Discover vessel.Fitting Removal Tool
1647551" (2.54 cm) fitting removal tool.80 mL Flow Cell Locking Cover
542380Locking cover assembly for the Discover SP 80 mL flow cell.Flow Cell Dip Tube
164307Dip tube replacement for the 80 mL flow cell.Flangeless Nut, 1/4-28 x 1/8"
164545Replacement long flangeless nut, 1/4-28 x 1/8" for the 10 mL and 80 mL flow cells.10 mL Flow Cell Attenuator
54461010 mL flow cell attenuator for the Discover S-Class and Discover SP. Not compatible with the Discover Legacy.Tube Fitting, 5/16-24 for 1/8" Tube
165180Tube fitting, 5/16-24 for 1/8" tube for the 10 mL Discover flow cell.Pressure Tube Fitting with Ferrule, 0.25" Extension
165990Pressure tube fitting with ferrule and 0.25" extended tube for the 10 mL Discover flow cell.Pressure Tube Fitting with Ferrule, 3.65" Extension
165995Pressure tube fitting with ferrule and 3.65" extended tube for the 10 mL Discover flow cell.